There are 2 groups in demonstration right now, Madesh and Tharu,

The root cause of Tharu and along with other janajati are Prachanda, who promised 17 states with their identity ( pahichan), limbuhan state, tharuhan state and .......they were expecting and did not get,

The root cause of Madhesi demonstration is India's long term strategy to cover Madesh with Biharis and control their natural resources . Late girija helped India selling Nepaliese nagarikata, Biharis were flooded in Nepal after that which is crystal clear. The current constitution is little tougher for Biharis to buy Nagarikta, the sponsored Madehis leaders are demanding nagarikta rights adding a couple of other rights just to make it sweet in front of public, but if Nagarikta rights is amended in the constitution, they will be happy and do a cocktail party