Posted by: iLED009 February 6, 2015
Time-Space-matter-energy
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Interesting topic and discussion !
Couple of comments on Ujl's statement -
1) I don't think by merely invoking E=MC^2, we will be able to calculate what the matter is ! This equation tells us - energy and mass are equivalent, but there is no such reversible process !
There are other experimental methods in practice, partaking which one can quantify the composition of a matter (can precisely tell what elements are present in and in what ratios in a given specimen of a sample). By the way this is how we know the composition of distant stars and even our Sun for that matter.

2) Yes, true hydrogen and oxygen atoms come together and form a H2O molecule, via chemical bonding but I will not say it appears as water, not always ! Conditions, such as pressure and temperature are critical here, and water molecule can take solid (ice), liquid (water) and vapor (water vapor) form. Nomenclature is least of interest here. Why - hydrogen bonding will be of little help here.

3) "If you closely investigate the true nature of matter, you will realize that there is no such thing as matter" - I wouldn't make such statement, as I know I'm made of matter (C,H,O,N and other trace elements). So, matter matters to me.

4) "So, the question is why are you experiencing energy as matter?" - Great question! I think we're made of matter and so is everything else in the universe (not sure about the dark matter though..). I will invoke E=MC^2 here for clarity, ignoring C which is a constant we see that Energy and Mass (of a matter if you will) are equivalent. If you experience heat from a burning coal, that is the release of energy in the form of " heat "stored within the atoms of coal (mainly carbon atoms).

"What is causing these energies appear as if they are solid objects?"
- Again, pressure and temperature (standard atmospheric pressure and temperature of earth) is causing H2O molecules to take liquid form (colloquially water of ocean, rivers, drinking water etc). If you play with pressure and temperature, you'll see H2O molecules in solid (ice in your freezer, up in the mountains) and vapor (water vapor from boiling water) forms.
One interesting example -
Titan is one of the moons of Saturn - it has an interesting geology. It has H2O molecules but in the solid form (naturally) and has methane/ethane which is in liquid form. So, imagine it has a solid surface of H2O-ice and seas/oceans of methane/ethane. Whereas, we know under Earth's natural condition H2O molecules are in liquid form and mehtane/ethane molecules are in gaseous form.

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