Last time i had commented to the similar thread in sajha. I am writing it here again. It is true and taken from the book "The Road to war". This is an excerpt from the book "The Road to War" by Richard overy and andrew wheatcroft. This paragraph, taken from the page #194,shows how people's tradition and their lives and livelihood were changed drastically by the Russian Premier Stalin. 'The Question is would the general people of Nepal give his land and his livelihood for the collectivisation??? ' WOULD YOU??? "The second line of attack was on the countryside. In Junuary 1930 Stalin launched the major campaign to collectivise Soviet agriculture, to end the centuries-old system of strip and patch farming with horses and handpower, and to substitute large, rationalised, state-owned farms, with tractor and mechanical reaper. The enterprise was a vast one. Collectivisation confronted the great bulk of the Soviet population with a bleak chice: to abandon the land so hardly won in 1917, and the habits formed from centuries of depredation and hardship, or to stand, bewildered and vulnerable, against the revolutionary storm that broke over them. For some of the peasantry ther was no chice. Stalin had already identified a specific enemy of the revolution in the countryside, the Kuluk, the rich farmer who threatened to bring in capitalism by the rural back door. The kulak (in Russian meaning "fist"- someone who holds on to what he wants) was neither righ by western standards, nor very politically conscious,m nor very numerious. But he was made to stand for the forces of reaction, responsible for backwardness, for wreaking revolutionary prospects. Between 1930 and 1933 an army of Soviet officials and policemen, urged on by the ascendant radicals in the cities, descended on the villages, arresting and deporting anyonewho was deemed to be a kulak. In effect this meant anyonewho resisted the collective farm. Millions fo peasants did do so. They fled to the towns, slaughtered thier livestock, burned thir stocks. A new civil war raged over the Soviet plains as communists exacted a bitter revenge on those who were holding up progress and socialism. It was a messy, almost planless, confrontation, trading on denuncation and envy, investing in ambition and violence. Peasants already forced in collectives turned against those still outside, cut thir teeth on a further round of deportations and excutions. In the three years the Soviet landscape was transformed. Almost all the land area ws collecitivised; millions of peasants died of starvation or in the labour camps sit up for deportees. the industrial proletariat grew from three million to ten milion in seven years as dispossessed young farmers were sent to build the industries of the new industrial cities, Magnitogorsk, Stalingrad, Lugansk."