ImI, with due respect, i have to say that your specifications lack the understanding, broadness and analytical skill. now i have not changed my stance. bottom up or top down approaches both are applicable. it all depends upon how you view our social structure. if we go by hierarchy, monarchy is at the top of the pyramid as an apex, hence the top down approach. whereas if we goy by its impact on the society monarchy is at the base in the upright pyramid. as for your specifications is concerned. you see maoists as the problem. i see them as the emotional outburst of our poor and suppressed fellow nepalese that have come out in the form of a revolution. rest of the points are quite trivial. LooTe