Sorry friends, I was a bit busy today, so could not reach sajha on time. Ok, as said by izen, we will make Mesopotamia the genesis. ?Mesopotamia? is a Greek word which means ?land between the rivers?. The Mesopotamian civilization flourished between the fertile alluvial soil of Euphrates and Tigris rivers which was spread from modern day Iraq to some parts of Syria. Earliest communities first settled to the north, but as rainfall was so unpredictable, by 5000 BC, most of the population had moved to the south. In the third millennium, the alluvial plains south of modern day Baghdad were called Sumer and Akkad. Sumer is the southern part whereas Akkad is the northern part where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers come nearer. In the second millennium, the two regions came to be jointly called Babylonia. The Mesopotamians built massive temples or ziggurats, in which the priestly class resided, the human representatives of God. Those priests controlled the religious life of the community, economy, land ownership as well as the long distance trade of the country. Mesopotamia eventually disintegrated into many powerful city-states, which were self- sufficient. Though those city states depended largely on each other economically, they remained strongly isolationalist. This tendency of isolationalism led to the formation of twelve different Mesopotamian states. Ok, this is a quick overview of Mesopotamia, but still lot more remains to be explored. The research and composition takes a bit of time. So, I will continue when I get ample of time. If you have more information and would like to continue, please do. Sources: http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/sarasvati/html/mesopotamia1.htm http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture2b.html image source: http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/maps/mhi/T012827A.gif