Campus recruiting is the first thing I would look at. Your department may have contacts with certain industries. Scientific conference is another place where numerous companies interview. From my experience, posting your resume directly in the company's website does not work.

But, I highly recommend getting a PhD because you will be starting at much higher position and it will be easier to move up in the corporate ladder. Besides, it will be easier to start your permanent residency process. You may be eligible for EB1 category, but certainly for EB2.