Common you gotta do it yourself. since you are taking pl/sql i think u r a computer science major. what will u do later when you need to do it in your job? welll i looked at the problems it doesn't seem that hard at all. procedure and function is just simple trigger you just create an audit table and on insert use OLD:.......... l or statement level trigger statement and since you have to check only on insert! yo can write a row level trigger and insert the old value. or you can write a procedure and call it on the trigger. its not that bad