Today, I would like to talk about the Ottoman Empire, which was the largest Empire to rule the borders of the Mediterrenean Sea. Started in 1299 AD, the Empire saw six centuries of reign, first steady rise in power, then sharp decline before it was defeated in the First World War by the Allies and named the Republic of Turkey in 1923. The Ottoman Empire was named after Osman I, who was the king of the petty kingdom of Sogut, in Anatolia. Anatolia is the old name for the part which is present day Turkey. The Empire reached its height under the rule of Suleman the Magnificient in the sixteenth century, when its borders stretched from the Persian Gulf in the east to Hungary in the northwest, Egypt in the south to Caucasus in the north. After the defeat in the battle of Vienna in 1683, it headed towards its decline in power.