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 How Can We Develop Our Hydro power Projects?

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Posted on 02-25-13 12:06 PM     Reply [Subscribe]
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 Hey guys how do you think government of Nepal should develop financially lucrative storage type hydropower projects like Upper Karnali, Arun 3, Budigandaki and Tamakoshi 3? It is said that proper exploitation of our water can bring sustainable prosperity and balanced regional development in Nepal. Most of the politicians including so called nationalists wants to give these projects to foreign companies saying Nepal don't have necessary capita and expertise to build megaprojects. But the successful development and operation of projects like Chilime, constructed and financed completely by Nepal has already shown that we are capable of doing that. Its just the narrow thoughts of politicians and so called hydroexperts linked to these politicians who are running after big commission and perks that wants Nepal to remain just like this.
Lets start a discussion to come up with best development model of these projects and possible ways to finance them with national capita.

P.S. I am not affiliated to any instituitions who are currently campaigning against Indian companies GMR and Sutlej who are developing projects Arun 3 & Upper Karnali. But I do believe honestly that GMR and Sutlej led projects won't preserve our interests.
 
Posted on 02-25-13 12:28 PM     [Snapshot: 32]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Without getting the details, it is hard to come up with any plan. For us to venture into a big project, over 500MW, I think investment from outside is required. Yes, we need to have mutually beneficial contract so that we don't scare any investors away, while not being duped for years.
Once, a contract is signed, we however have to honor it. Otherwise we lose credibility, which is happening right now. If Sutlej and GMR are bad for the nation, let's follow a legal channel to stop it instead of conducting rowdy protests.

NEA already has provisions to revoke license that doesn't get implemented within 5-10 years, this has to be strictly followed. Just too many license holders are sitting idle hoping for their license price to go up. NEA has to be more proactive and given a larger authority; right now there are conflicting portfolios that interfere with NEA's activities.
 
Posted on 02-25-13 12:33 PM     [Snapshot: 33]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Generating electricity is extremely costly. When you're talking about a humongous powerplant, you're looking into investing 100s of millions, possibly close 1/2 billion dollar. Can Nepalese government or investors come up with that sort of money?

That said, electricity is a lucrative market. Government instability has hindered people from being more forthcoming to invest money. 

 
Posted on 02-25-13 12:48 PM     [Snapshot: 47]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 When NEA is constructing 600 MW Budigandaki, why not pull more courage and go for more lucrative 4,000 MW Upper Karnali with government support and back up? Preliminary studies and environment assessment reports have shown that cost and environmental impact will be similar in both projects. Moreover, with construction of 3 km tunnel, entire capacity of 4,000 megawatt can be harvested.
It is a common complain of NEA engineers that they have to develop projects that are expensive to build and operate. There should definitely be some hidden conspiracies behind awarding more lucrative projects to Indians without proper national consensus while NEA is on the verge of collapse.
 
Posted on 02-25-13 1:10 PM     [Snapshot: 78]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 "Preliminary studies and environment assessment reports have shown that cost and environmental impact will be similar in both projects."

This is absolutely baseless. Can you please cite your source? It's quite ballsy to ask the government to launch a venture, nearly 7 times the size that it's already planning on doing. 



 
Posted on 02-25-13 5:52 PM     [Snapshot: 178]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 @ Riddle: I derived this information based on information provided by NEA executive at one energy forum. I don't remember his name now but he was known to mass as Dr. Thapa. He was involved in feasibility studies of Upper Karnali conducted by UNDP and World Bank back in 80s. 
While comparing with Budigandaki storage project, this UKHP was tagged more lucrative based on shorter tunnel construction (around 2 km), lesser money required for compensation/resettlement of project area affected people and post production profit scenario (much higher than Budigandaki). 
It is not matter of whether we construct 900 megawatt or 4,000 megawatt but deals should be made where both parties have win-win situation. Share cannot be equal without equal investment but this should not obstruct anyone from getting fair share.
P.S. I cannot cite my sources at this moment as its been a while since I did research on this topic but if you google UNDP/WB funded pre-fisibility studies on Upper Karnali you will definetely get something.
 
Posted on 02-26-13 10:48 AM     [Snapshot: 337]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Privet investment cannot be feasible from economical point of view especially compensation to the disposed population. There will be a new politics from the corrupt people and will end paying more than the real value or never reach to a settlement. Who will provide the basic infrastructures like the ROAD and continuous supply of energy like diesel? 

 Why the Kulekhani Water project is not moving ahead?


 
Posted on 02-26-13 12:01 PM     [Snapshot: 361]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 1) There is no doubt that combination of foreign direct investment (FDI), mobilization of national capita, investment from local people around the project site and investment from citizens could be the viable and effective option while going after these megaprojects. 
2) I believe that compensation provided to affected people should be fair enough as they are going to lose their land for ever.
3) Other day I was watching a documentary on Hoover dam. US government has built that dam as a multipurpose project: utilizing same mighty Colorado's water for hydropower generation, irrigration to Utah and California and recreation. 
No doubt Upper Karnali project could be constructed in the similar fashion. From various studies have shown that constructing UKHP as a storage project will not only generate very cheap 4,000 megawatt of energy but also irigrate thousands of hectars cultivable land of Mid/Far western region of Nepal. 
4) Nepal might be financially weak at this moment but it is not necessary that it will remain same forever. Nepal is not letting GMR to build this project to supply power to our national grid but very cheap energy to India instead. We might not be able to construct it right now but lets think the scenario after 10, 15 years. Nepali people should clearly understand that if we let GMR construct this project as run of river type 900 megawatt it is not going to ease current blackout problem. We are only getting some 100 megawatt as free electricity after construction. Its like "Hattiko mukhma jira." For the sake of some 100 megawatt and some million rupees we are going to lose best bounty to Nepalese people by mother nature.
5) Karnali is also good source of of water to deprived northern state of India. They are very clear that if we construct Upper Karnali as storage type project and use its water to irigrate our land of mid/far western region, it will diminish the amount of water entering their land. So letting GMR to construct Upper Karnali as run of river type, hydropower generation oriented will preserve their interest of unconditional smooth flow of water all year round.

Jay Nepal 
 
Posted on 02-26-13 1:14 PM     [Snapshot: 394]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Dcop's point is valid, a lucrative project shouldn't be constrained by people who don't have share the interest for Nepal. On the other hand, developing a smaller project doesn't mean you are restricting future expansion of the project. There might be a possibility that the group wants to start a smaller project for now and maybe scale up later? That actually would be the right way to do it. Do you know for sure that building a smaller project will block them from getting an increased output in the future?
 
Posted on 02-26-13 1:57 PM     [Snapshot: 399]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 Based on memorandum of understanding signed by governemnt of Nepal and GMR, UKHP will be constructed in build, operate, own & transfer (BOOT) model by GMR. It will run the project for 30 years. According to deal, Nepal will get 12-13% of electricity thus produced at free of cost and 27% equity by Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). Prefisibility studies conducted on UKHP have shown that it will produce very cheap energy given the nature (flow) of river, topology (high head) and mimimal compensation/resettlement cost. Production cost per unit of electricity will be less than that produced from Upper Tamakoshi and Budigandaki which are considered very attractive projects too. 13% of 900 watts is 117 megawatt which is almost like nothing when considered electricity demand projected by NEA by 2020 which is around 2,000 megawatt just for domestic consumption. Also GMR is selling electricity produced from UKHP to Indian Power trader at rate lower than current Nepal market rate. This directly affects the tariff generated for Nepal as lower revenue means lower tariff. In straight word Nepal will be cheated from getting what she deserves.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is welcome in Nepal but it should also address our national interests. Just think of a situation if Nepal can construct this project mobilizing  FDI and national capita harvesting optimal capacity (4,000 megawatt) of this project.

@Kiddo: No this project is not going to be constructed in phase, 900 megawatt now and 4,000 megawatt later. Moreover GMR led project will be run of river type but it need to be constructed as multipurpose storage type project to harvest optimal capacity of 4,000 megawatt and to irigrate thousands of hectar of mid/far western region. Given contrasting model of construction it won't be feasible financially & environmentally to build on RoR model now and convert it later to storage type.
 
 
Posted on 02-26-13 2:02 PM     [Snapshot: 407]     Reply [Subscribe]
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I would like to add two features of UKHP I found in one discussion forum:

Why Upper Karnali Storage So Attractive

The Karnali river makes a big loop in its lower reach near a place called Asare. From here the river flows in the south-east direction for about 25 kilometers, after that the river makes a complete reversal in its direction. The river comes back to a point just two kilometers away from its earlier position near Asare. There is a drop of about 150 meters in Karnali river bed elevations between these two positions merely two kilometers away from one another. The project to utilize this bend for power generation is known as the Upper Karnali Project. There are very good sites to build a large dam at the beginning of the bend. Thus, it makes the Upper Karnali Storage Project far superior to the 10, 800 MW Karnali Chisapani Project in terms of per unit capacity investment cost because its hydropower station would be operating at a firm head two times greater than that of the latter though the total length of the water way of both these hydropower plants would be almost exactly the same.

Large Cost Reduction at Higher Heads


Of all the site characteristics, head is the most important. Design guidelines, 1989 approved by the American Society of Civil Engineers (a document used throughout the world for the design of hydropower) has given some simple reasoning that would help to explain why the Upper Karnali project operating at a head about two times greater by comparison with the Chisapani hydropower could be built at far less per unit installed capacity cost. "Very simply if one doubles the head the quantity of water needed to produce a certain amount of energy is halved, thus, for like site energy development the conduit area and reservoir volume are halved and further large cost reductions occur for powerhouse and machinery costs. This fundamental consideration is at the root of the large cost reductions that occur at higher heads.

http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Can-anyone-explain-about-Upper-3904792.S.200206363



 
Posted on 02-26-13 3:06 PM     [Snapshot: 445]     Reply [Subscribe]
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@Dcop
I wasn't saying that they are trying to build it in phases. I thought the plan was to build it for 900 MW and later could be increased.

I think it is important to mention, a fact that I missed, that we are talking about RoR and Storage type projects; two different projects. That means, there's no "increasing" the power like you stated.

The problem I have is with the reports that claim 4000MW capcity. That's a huge claim and I say if we utilze the entire head we might come close to that; in practicality it might not be that high. But it still deserves to be looked. Do we have any published report that estimates the capability of a storage type unit?


 
Posted on 02-26-13 3:33 PM     [Snapshot: 447]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Obviously it will bring environmental impact but we need our own projects too.
Can we have a research and ideal chat on what is Nepal's portion of power when India and Nepal construct mutual projects in Nepal!


 
Posted on 02-26-13 5:51 PM     [Snapshot: 505]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 You seem to be pretty well informed on this matter, Dcops. I wasn't really questioning you per se. Just wanted some validity on your statements. Thanks for shedding light on this subject matter. 

Btw, your nickname says you went to Dcops..what batch are you? (SLC - if you went there, that is). 

 
Posted on 02-26-13 7:30 PM     [Snapshot: 537]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 Given the design of powerhouse with built-in turbines compartments and so,  I don't think capacity can be increased later on (as increasing capacity means adding more turbines). One thing we all need to be clear here is the nature of RoR model. Rivers in Nepal have low current (flow) during dry season including Karnali. Some studies have shown that 200-300 megawatt of electricity can be generated based on RoR model. I don't know how GRM came up with 900 megawatt later and I don't think they have made their reports public yet. Its not only head but flow of water too that affects the capacity. GMR could have develop this project as peaking run of river (PRoR) too given ideal geography of the region. 
When we talk about Nepal's portion of power when constructed mutually, it depends on the portion of capital Nepal invests. But this is not the case in UKHP. GMR acquired license for DPR & construction through bidding, given it provided most attractive perk to Nepal (12% free electricity and 27% free equity to NEA). If you think this is not a bad deal and we cannot even hope for better deal than this. But this is not the case. We should be more concerned about the possible development of UKHP as a multipurpose project. Independent Hydropower engineer's research and prefisibility studies have shown that this is possible. 
@ Riddle Yes I went to Dcops sanga, 2058 batch

Jay Nepal


 
Posted on 02-26-13 7:55 PM     [Snapshot: 545]     Reply [Subscribe]
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 Also guys some of you might find it normal that concerns about UKHP is also raise by CPN-Maoist led by Mr. Mohan Vaidya AKA Kiran at this time. It is a nature of Nepali politicians to go against any Indian led projects when on street but ready to sign any suicidal pacts with India when in power. We all know that Mr. Kiran is harsh towards Indian establishment compared to Dr. BRB and Chabilal ( Kiran was even thrown in Indian jail along with other Maoist during insurgency.)
Communism is just an ideology, with some people supporting it while other opposing it at any cost. We should be very aware not to link any ideologies of Maoist with the cause they are fighting for in UKHP. We should be aware and conscious to put pressure on government while making any deals with companies like GMR, Sutlej or even these so called NRNs so that our national interests are preserved. We can have differences with Mr. Vaidya but sometime we have to forget them and support the cause they are fighting for.
Deng Xiaoping once said " It doesn't matter whether a cat is white or black, as long as it catches mice."

Jay Nepal
Last edited: 26-Feb-13 07:58 PM

 
Posted on 02-27-13 12:09 AM     [Snapshot: 641]     Reply [Subscribe]
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माथिल्लो कर्णाली सम्झौता कोशीको भन्दा घातक

 
वर्तमान सरकारले असन्तुष्ट स्थानिय जनताको बिरोध, अवरोध तथा आक्रोशको बाबजूद माथिल्लो कर्णाली आयोजना भारतीय लगानिकर्ता जीएमआरबाट कार्यान्वयन गराउने अभिष्टले सेना परिचालन गर्ने भनेकोछ । सम्पन्न भएपछि सुख्खायाममा प्राप्त हुने ३६ मेगावाट निशुल्क उर्जा हात्तिको मुखमा जीरा साबित हुन्छ र नेपालमा बिद्युत संकट निवारण गर्दैन निकासीमूलक हुनाले । तसर्थ बिद्युत संकट भारतमा होइन नेपालमा निरुपणार्थ यसको कार्यान्वयन गरिनुपर्छ भन्नेहरुलाई बिकास बिरोधीको बिल्ला भिराएर सस्तो बिजुली भारतलाई उपलब्ध गराउने प्रपाच रिचंदैछ । यसबाट नेपालमा मनग्गे बिजुली उपलब्ध गराएर, औद्योगिकरण गरेर, रोजगारी सृजना गरेर बिदेश पलायन भएका युवालाई देश फिर्ता गर्न नचाहने तप्कामा विशेष खुशी छाएकोछ । सुदूर पश्चिमांचल तथा मध्य पश्चिमांचलको भाग्य रेखा कोर्न सक्ने यो आयोजना स्थल, जुन प्रकृतिको नेपाललाई अतुलनिय बरदान हो, लाई गलतरुपमा भारतको लागि दोहन गिरंदैछ । जसबाट यो आयोजनाका पृष्ठपोषकहरुले उक्त क्षेत्र मध्ययुगिन अवस्थामा नैं सडिरहोस भन्ने चाहेको देखिन्छ 

संबिधान तथा शान्ती सम्झौता उल्लंघन्
अन्तरिम संबिधानको धारा १४७ मा सेना लगायतको सम्बन्धमा "२०६३ साल मङसिर ५ गतेको 'बिस्तृत शान्ती सम्झौता' मा उल्लेख भए बमोजिम हुनेछ" भन्ने उल्लेख छ र उक्त शान्ती सम्झौताको दफा ४.६ मा "नेपाली सेना ब्यारेक भित्र सीमित रहने" कुरा उल्लेख हुनाले यो आयोजनामा सेना परिचालन गर्नु असंबैधानिक हो । एमाओबादीको संलग्न यो सरकारले यस्तो निर्णय गर्नु आश्चर्यजनक कुरा हो ।

स्मरणिय छ भारतको उर्जा संकट निवारण गर्न नेपाली सेना परिचालन गरेर नागरिक माथि गोली चलाउने कुरा कदापि जायज मान्न सकिन्न । नेपालमा बिद्यमान बिद्युत संकट निवारण गर्न निर्मार्णाधीन आयोजनामा अवरोध गर्नेको हकमा सम्म सैनिक कारवाहिको औचित्य देखाउन सकिन्छ । यस्तोमा संबिधान समेत उल्लंघन गरेर कसलाई, किन खुशी तुल्याउन सेना परिचालन गिरंदैछ भन्ने प्रश्न खडा हुन्छ ।

स्थानिय जनता के कति कारणले असन्तुष्ट छन् भन्ने निदान गरेर समस्या समाधान तर्फ नलागेर सेना परिचालन गर्ने र गोली चलाउने कुरा अतीबादी सोच हो । स्मरणिय छ नेपालीहरु गोली थाप्न तैयार हुने खालका छन जसको पुष्ट्यांई १० वर्षे "जनयुद्ध"ले गरिसकेकोछ ।

अर्कोतिर नेपालको हितमा निर्माण हुने आयोजनाको सम्बन्धमा नेपाली जनताले अपनत्वको भावना राख्दछन् र तदारुकताका साथसम्पन्न गर्न योगदान मात्रै गर्दैनन्, लगानि समेत गरेर सघाउंछन् भन्ने कुराको पुष्टि माल्लिो तामाकोशी आयोजनाको बिरोध नभएको र त्यहां सेना परिचालन गर्ने अवस्था नआएकोबाट हुन्छ ।

कोशी सम्झौता
मनसून भर्खर मात्र शुरु भयो, मनग्गे वर्षात भएकै छैन । औसत बहाव २ लाख क्युसेक भन्दा बढी हुने कोशीमा गत साता १ लाख क्युसेक पनि नबग्दै कोशी बहुलायो भनियो र स्थानिय बासिन्दा आक्रांत तथा त्रसित भए । सम्झन जरुरी छ कोशी बहुलाएको छैन । सन् १९६८ मा ९ लाख क्युसेक भन्दा बढी बहाव भएर बाढी आएको कोशीको बहाव १९८० मा ८ लाख क्युसेक भन्दा बढी र १९८४ मा ४ लाख क्युसेक भन्दा धेरै थियो ।

तर यसो भन्दैमा समस्यै नभएको होइन । २०६५ भदौको बाढीको बिभिषिकामा स्थानिय जनता मात्र नपरेर बिजुलीका खम्बाहरु ढलेकोले लोड सेिडंगमा अत्यधिक बृद्धि भएर अन्यत्रका जनता समेत यसको चपेटामा परेका थिए । तर त्यति बेला पनि बहाव २ लाख क्युसेक पुगेको थिएन र सांच्चिकै बाढी आएको थिएन ।

यस्तो किन भयो भनेर धेरै घोत्लिन आवश्यक छैन । मातृका कोइराला नेतृत्वको सरकारको तर्फबाट २०११ साल बैशाखमा योजना विकास मन्त्री महाबीर सम्शेरले दस्तखत गरेको कोशी सम्झौताको धारा १(क) बमोजिम हनुमाननगर भन्दा केहि माथि बांध निर्माण गरिएको हो । यो सम्झौताको प्रमुख उद्देश्य नैं बिहारको आंसु नाम दिइएको यस नदीको कारणले बिहारमा आउने बाढी नियन्त्रण र बिहारमा नैं िसंचाई गर्नु हो । 

सम्झन आवश्यक छ कि निर्मित भएकै कारणले बांधले पानी सोचन गरेर वा यस्तै तरीकाले बाढी नियन्त्रणमा आउने होइन । बांधको काम नदीमा बगेको पानी माथिल्लो तटीय इलाकामा नैं रोकेर/थुनेर तल्लो तटीय क्षेत्रलाई बाढीबाट बचाउनु हो । कोशी नदीमा बांध नेपाल भारत सीमाना नजिकै निर्मित हुनाले कोशीमा बहाव बढेको बेलामा नेपाल स्थित भूमिमा पानी थुनिन जान्छ र बिहार बाढीबाट जोगिन्छ । त्यसकारण बिहारलाई बाढीबाट जोगाउन निर्मित बांधको नेपाल स्थित माथिल्लो तटीय क्षेत्रमा डुबान हुनु, जल जमाव हुनु, बाढी आउनु भनेको टन्न खांदा पेट भरिएकोमा छक्क परे जस्तो मात्र हो ।

सायद यहि बुझेपछि मातृका कोइरालाले आफ्नो मृत्यु भन्दा ६ महिना अघि नेपाल टेलिभिजनमा दिएको अन्तर्वातामा "कोशी सम्झौतामा ठूलो राष्ट्रघात भयो" भनेर स्वीकार गरेको हुनुपर्छ ।

कोशीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता
तर कालो बादलमा हुने चांदीको घेरा झैं कोशी सम्झौतामा भारतले कोशीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता स्वीकार गरेको स्मरणिय छ । धारा ४(क) मा कोशी नदीबाट नेपाल सरकारले िसंचाई लगायतका सबै किसिमको उपभोग्य उपयोगको लागि पानी झिक्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ र बांकी रहेको पानीमा मात्रै भारतको हक लाग्ने व्यवस्था छ । कोशी आयोजना अन्तर्गत निर्मित पूर्वी तथा पश्चिमी नहरबाट िसंचाई गर्न तथा कटैयामा बिजुली उत्पादनमा प्रतिकूल प्रभाव नपर्ने गरेर मात्र नेपालले कोशीको पानी उपयोग गर्न पाउने भन्ने समेत आशयको कुनै पनि प्रतिबन्ध छैन ।

यहि प्रावधानले गर्दा कोशी तथा यसका सबै सहायक नदीहरुको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौम अधिकार सुरक्षित छ । कुनै पनि प्रकारको आयोजना परियोजना निर्माण गर्न देखि िसंचाई जस्तो पानी खपत गर्ने प्रयोजनका आयोजना निर्माण गर्न नेपाल स्वतंत्र छ ।

यस पृष्ठभूमिमा नेपाली जमिन डुबानमा पर्ने गरेर भारतमा बाढी नियन्त्रणार्थ कोशीमा बांध बनाउन दिने सम्झौता गरेकोमा मातृका कोइराला जति आलोच्य छन् त्यस भन्दा धेरै उनको सराहना गरिनुपर्दछ कोशी नदीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता कायम राख्न सफल भएकामा । उनको आत्माको शान्तीको लागि परमेश्वरसंग प्रार्थना गरौं ।

कर्णालीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता
नेपालको प्रमुख नदीहरु मध्ये गण्डकी नदीमा पनि लगभग कोशीकै प्रकारले आलोच्य सम्झौता २०१६ माघमा विश्वेश्वर कोइराला सरकारको तर्फबाट उपप्रधानमन्त्री सुवर्ण सम्शेरले गरेकाछन् । यो सम्झौताले पनि गण्डकीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता सुरक्षित गरेकोछ, धारा ९ को यस सम्बन्धी प्रावधान अन्तर्गत नेपालले स्वतंत्रतापूर्वक गण्डकीको पानी उपयोग गर्न पाउंछ, फेब्रुअरी देखि अपि्रल सम्म बाहेक, कोशी सम्झौताको तुलनामा गण्डक सम्झौताले यसरी सुख्खायामको पानीको उपयोगमा सार्वभौमसत्ता खुम्च्याएको छ । महाकाली सन्धीमा भएको राष्ट्रघातको पुनराबृत्ति गरिरहन यहां आवश्यक छैन भने कुनै पनि सन्धी सम्झौता सम्पन्न नभएको एउटै कर्णाली नदी बांकी छ र कोशी तथा गण्डक सम्झौताहरुले प्रतिपादन गरको सिद्धान्त अनुसार कर्णालीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता अक्ष्ाण्ण छ र अक्ष्ाण्ण राख्न सबै नेपालीले भरमग्दुर प्रयास गर्नुपर्छ ।

तर माथिल्लो कर्णाली आयोजना सम्बन्धमा भएको समझदारीपत्रको दफा ३७ मा माथिल्लो तथा तल्लो तटीय क्षेत्रमा कुनै पनि आयोजना निर्माणमा प्रतिबन्ध लगाएकोछ । उदाहरणार्थ जुम्लाका बासिन्दाले तीला नदीको पानी उपयोग गर्ने गरेर कुनै पनि िसंचाई आयोजना संचालन गर्न पाउने छैनन । तसर्थ कोशी तथा गण्डक सम्झौता भन्दा यो आयोजनको लागि सम्पन्न समझदारीपत्र नेपालको भविष्यको लागि धेरै घातक छ । नेपालमा बिद्युत संकट निवारणार्थ निर्माण हुने आयोजना वा नेपालभित्रैका अन्यत्रका जनता लाभान्वित हुने आयोजनाको सन्दर्भका आयोजनाको स्थलको माथिल्लो तथा तल्लो तटीय क्षेत्रका जनताले त्याग गर्ने, बंचित भएर बस्ने स्वीकार्य हुन सक्छ, घिउ आफ्नै भाग पोखिएको हिसाबमा । तर भारतलाई लाभान्वित हुने गरेर यो आयोजना स्थलको माथिल्लो तथा तल्लो तटीय इलाकाका जनतालाई पानी तथा बिजुलीको उपयोग उपभोगबाट बंचित गर्ने कुरा कदापि उचित मान्न सकिन्न । यस्तोमा कर्णाली नदीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौम अधिकारमा आंच आउने गरेर सम्पन्न समझदारीपत्र कुनै पनि हालतमा नेपाली जनता, विशेष गरेर यो नदीको जलाधार क्षेत्रका जनतालाई स्वीकार्य हुन सक्दैन ।

समझदारीपत्रको कानूनी मान्यता
समझदारीपत्रले कानूनी मान्यता प्राप्त गर्न सक्दैन भने सर्वमान्य सिद्धान्त हो । रितपूर्वकको कानूनी सम्झौता वा करारनामाले मात्र कानूनी मान्यता प्राप्त गर्दछ । तर यो समझदारीपत्रको अर्को पक्ष मात्र होइन यो गलत आयोजनाको पृष्ठपोषक नेपालीहरु समेत यो समझदारीपत्रमा कुैन पनि हेरफर, परिवर्तन, संशोधन गर्न मान्दैनन् । नेपालको स्वार्थ सम्बद्र्धन गर्ने गरेर पनि हेरफर, परिवर्तन, संशोधन गर्न कतिपय नेपाली नैं तैयार नभएकोले अचम्भित पार्दछ ।

अर्कोतिर यो समझदारीलाई यथास्थितिमा कार्यान्वयन गर्ने हो भने माथि उल्लेख गरिए झैं िसंगै कर्णाली नदीको पानीमा नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता गुम्ने अवस्था छ । यस्तोमा पनि यो समझदारीपत्रको एउटा रौं पनि उखेल्न हुन्न भन्नेहरुको बौद्धिकता माथि प्रश्न उठ्नु अस्वाभाविक हुन्न ।

दुई जिब्रे कुरा
यो समझदारीपत्रलाई अपरिवर्तनिय मान्नेहरु नैं संबिधानको धारा १५६ अन्तर्गत संसदीय अनुमोदन आवश्यक छैन भन्ने क्रममा यसलाई बाध्यात्मक कानूनी करारनामा नभएको कुरा दर्शाउन पनि पछि पर्दैनन् ।

समझदारीपत्र अनुसार यो आयोजनाको क्षमता ३ सय मेगावाट हो । अहिले ९ सय मेगावाट क्षमता हुने सार्वजनिक भएकोछ जुन परिवर्तन पनि समझदारीपत्रमा संशोधन नगरिकन सम्भव छैन । अब प्रश्न उठ्छ, भारतलाई सस्तोमा उच्च गुणस्तरको बढी बिजुली उपलब्ध गर्न यो समझदारीपत्रमा संशोधन गर्नहुने तर नेपालको स्वार्थ सम्बर्धन हुने गरेर कुनै पनि परिवर्तन गर्न अनिच्छुक छन् । अर्थात नेपालको स्वार्थको सम्बन्धमा समझदारीपत्र अपरिवर्तनिय, भारतको हित सम्बद्र्धनको लागि परिवर्तन गर्न मिल्ने भनाई दोधारे कुरा मात्र नभएर यस्तो कुरा नेपालको हितमा हुंदैछ कि कसको भन्ने प्रश्न सशक्तरुपमा खडा हुन्छ । यस्तै खाले बौद्धिक दरिद्रता खिम्ती तथा भोटेकोशी आयोजनाहरुको सन्दर्भमा पनि प्रदर्शन भएका थिए । यी दुवै आयोजनाको बिद्युत खरिद सम्झौताहरु तीनका लगानिकर्ताको हितमा संशोधन गरिएको थियो भने नेपाल बिद्युत प्राधिकरणलाई यी आयोजनाहरुबाट प्रतिकूल प्रभाव परेकोलाई निरुपण गर्ने सम्बन्धमा भने ती सम्झौता संशोधन गर्न नमिल्ने धारणा नेपाली कर्मचारीतन्त्र तथा राजनीतिकर्मीहरुबाट आउने गरेकोछ ।

स्पष्ट छ भारतीय नागरिकले माथिल्लो कर्णालीको सन्दर्भमा यस्तो कुरा गर्दा तिनको आफ्नो देशभक्ती झल्कन्छ । तर नेपाली नागरिक, नेपाली करदाताको पैसाले तलबभत्ता पाउने कर्मचारीतन्त्र तथा नीति निर्माताहरु, अनि नेपालको हित गर्न कटिबद्ध भनिएका राजनीतिकर्मीहरुले यस्तो कुरा गर्दा देशभक्ती झल्कन्छ कि झल्कंदैन भन्ने प्रश्न अनुत्तरित रहन्छ ।

२०६८ आषाढ २१ गतेको गोरखापत्रमा प्रकाशित
Ratna Sansar Shrestha

 
Posted on 02-27-13 8:42 AM     [Snapshot: 692]     Reply [Subscribe]
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DCops
Kudos for bringing all the relevant articles and supporting your cause. I hope more of us do that if they want to argue a case.

I still, however, would like to see a good feasibility study done for the potential 4000 MW production. Without the study, it would be another project thrown to a never ending cycle and we will push ourself back for another decade.
 
Posted on 02-27-13 9:25 AM     [Snapshot: 705]     Reply [Subscribe]
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I dont think this 4,000 MW thing is feasible for a geological structure like Nepal. There would certainly be a big reservior, what would be the loss if there is an earthquake. Nepal is in earthquake prone region. Many times small is beautiful. So, build a maximum of 1,000 never more than that. It will diversify the risk and also the funding uncertainty and time required to complete the proejct be will less.

Some people talk about mega project that are of national pride etc, but we need projects that are decentralized throughout the country. You may have heard the so called "surung marga" from kathmandu to Hetauda. After a big media publicity they have not been able to start the project. Their claim was that the cost of the project will be around 25 billion, but the govt officials claims it will not be less than 35 billion. Again there is funding uncertainty because it is too big. Interestingly, there is another highway being completed 'a fast track to terai'. Why need another from hetauda to kathmandu. Promoter of 'surung marga' claim that they will serve traffic coming from west of chitwan. If they spend 35 billion there will be heavy charge for using "surung marga", why pay a high toll when there is already "fast track to terai"? So instead of investing in kathmandu centered/focused mega project, govt should give a high incentive to invest in other part of the country.  35 billion is a big amount, you can build a whole new city.
Last edited: 27-Feb-13 09:30 AM

 
Posted on 02-27-13 12:54 PM     [Snapshot: 751]     Reply [Subscribe]
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Hi Guys, I hardly undertsand what you all are saying but that is not my point. Keep going. Since you all are talking about hydro project- I don't know if my question is relevant to the topic of the discussion. I have a relative and he's 70 years old, Most of his life he worked in Hydro Projects. So, he can talk to most of the people from around the country. This is because he was the guy who travelled through all the hills and what not to get the water measurements. So, he knows all the stuffs.

He once mentioned to me that road transportation is not what Nepal needs. Its the cable car like transportation system that we need. He says that he can pin point each and every hills that we need and connect those hills through cable cars. Have the population live within the parameter of cable car station. Because of this, we'd have tremendous growth opportunity. Lots of tourists and preservation of land and forest.

Any thoughts? 
 



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