Ans is "No", I suppose.
Only, If you have ever been under any removal proceedings and you used TPS as a shield or to protect yourself from removal or deportation then it would be "Yes". I read similar questions in other forums related to DACA, TPS and thats what people have said to put "No" if you were never under such proceedings for removal.
It might be very tricky question as "Have you EVER applied for any kind of relief - 1st part of question is Kinda "Yes"
but again 2nd part of question is : or "protection from removal, exclusion or deportation?" - which might not be true for everyone.

Disclaimer: I am not a legal expert though.